Artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and National Security
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing field of technological development with
potentially significant implications for national security. As such, the U.S. Department of Defense
(DOD) is developing AI applications for a range of military functions. AI research is underway in
the fields of intelligence collection and analysis, logistics, cyberspace operations, command and
control, and a variety of military autonomous vehicles. AI applications are already playing a role
in operations in Iraq and Syria, with algorithms designed to speed up the target identification
process. Congressional action has the potential to shape the technology’s trajectory, with fiscal
and regulatory decisions potentially influencing growth of national security applications and the
standing of military AI development versus international competitors.
AI technology presents unique challenges for military acquisitions, especially since the bulk of AI
development is happening in the commercial sector. Although AI is not unique in this regard, the
Defense Acquisition Process (DAP) may potentially need to be adapted for acquiring systems like
AI. In addition, many commercial AI applications must undergo significant modification prior to
being functional for the military. A number of cultural issues challenge AI acquisition, leading to
discord with AI companies and potential military aversion to adapting weapons systems and
processes to this disruptive technology.
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