Arms-control lessons from the Volkswagen scandal
...Consider, for example, the information barrier, a device that combines software and hardware and has been proposed for critical arms-control verification in the future. A typical application would be warhead authentication, where it might be used to filter the gamma-ray spectrum of a warhead and transform the data into a simple binary signal (e.g., a red or green light) to show whether the object is a warhead or not. In another application, an information barrier might be used to detect key pathogens to identify biological weapons. But how useful is this device if some parties don’t trust it? While observing a demonstration of a US-developed information barrier in the early 2000s, a Russian scientist reportedly quipped that all he saw was a green LED connected to a battery.
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